![]() Croatia joins the Axis powers formally on June 15, 1941. Recognized immediately by Germany and Italy, the new state includes the province of Bosnia-Herzegovina. ApThe leaders of the terrorist Ustaša movement proclaim the so-called Independent State of Croatia.Resistance in Greece ceases in early June 1941. Germany and Bulgaria invade Greece in support of the Italians. April 6, 1941–June 1941 Germany, Italy, and Hungary invade Yugoslavia and, together with Bulgaria, dismember it.February 1941 The Germans send the Afrika Korps to North Africa to reinforce the faltering Italians.November 1940 Hungary (November 20), Romania (November 23), and Slovakia (November 24) join the Axis.October 1940 Italy invades Greece from Albania on October 28.SeptemGermany, Italy, and Japan sign the Tripartite Pact.SeptemThe Italians invade British-controlled Egypt from Italian-controlled Libya.The loss of northern Transylvania forces Romanian King Carol to abdicate in favor of his son, Michael, and brings to power a dictatorship under General Ion Antonescu. AugSecond Vienna Award: Germany and Italy arbitrate a decision on the division of the disputed province of Transylvania between Romania and Hungary.July 10, 1940–OctoThe air war known as the Battle of Britain ends in defeat for Nazi Germany.On July 14–15, it engineers Communist coup d’états in each of these countries and then annexes them as Soviet Republics on August 3–6. June 14, 1940–AugThe Soviet Union occupies the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) on June 14–18.JThe Soviet Union forces Romania to cede the eastern province of Bessarabia and the northern half of Bukovina to Soviet Ukraine.Italy invades southern France on June 21. In southern France, a collaborationist regime with its capital in Vichy is established. On June 22, France signs an armistice agreement by which the Germans occupy the northern half of the country and the entire Atlantic coastline. Luxembourg is occupied on May 10 the Netherlands surrenders on May 14 and Belgium surrenders on May 28. May 10, 1940–JGermany attacks western Europe, specifically France and the neutral Low Countries (Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg).Denmark surrenders on the day of the attack. April 9, 1940–JGermany invades Denmark and Norway.They also cede the small Finnish coastline on the Arctic Sea. The Finns sue for an armistice and cede the northern shores of Lake Ladoga to the Soviet Union. November 30, 1939–MaThe Soviet Union invades Finland, initiating the so-called Winter War.Germany and the Soviet Union divide Poland between them. September 27–29, 1939 Warsaw surrenders on September 27.The Polish government flees into exile via Romania, first to France and then later to Great Britain. SeptemThe Soviet Union invades Poland from the east.SeptemHonoring their guarantee of Poland’s borders, Great Britain and France declare war on Germany.SeptemGermany invades Poland, initiating World War II in Europe.AugNazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression agreement and a secret protocol dividing eastern Europe into spheres of influence.April 7–15, 1939 Fascist Italy invades and annexes Albania.MaFrance and Great Britain guarantee the integrity of the borders of the Polish state.The Germans occupy the dismantled Czech lands in violation of the Munich agreement and form the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. March 14–15, 1939 Under German pressure, the Slovaks declare their independence and form a Slovak Republic.SeptemGermany, Italy, Great Britain, and France sign the Munich agreement which forces the Czechoslovak Republic to cede the Sudetenland, including key Czechoslovak military defense positions, to Nazi Germany.March 11–13, 1938 Germany incorporates Austria in the Anschluss.NovemItaly joins Germany and Japan in the Anti-Comintern Pact.The pact is directed against the Soviet Union and the international Communist movement. NovemNazi Germany and Imperial Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pact.On November 1, the Rome-Berlin Axis is announced. October 25–NovemNazi Germany and Fascist Italy sign a treaty of cooperation on October 25. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() October 2, 1935–May 1936 Fascist Italy invades, conquers, and annexes Ethiopia. ![]()
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